Dev Log 001 - Crow Intro!

My initial plan was to post on this blog regarding translation, music, and so forth, far more often than has proven to be the case. That said, my recent work developing a game with a small group of friends and colleagues has given me plenty of desire to write about our progress, so perhaps it’s time to turn that around!

I’ve spent a good chunk of the past four years learning C# and Unity, and the process has been both incredibly edifying and a great opportunity to branch out skillwise. I’ve built a number of prototypes, done plenty of experimenting, and read several books on game design and other processes, but our project has been a great opportunity to bring those skills together to actually create some art.

From the outset, our motto was “limited scope.” One hears that advice often directed at budding developers, but that’s likely because it bears repeating. Our 2D game is designed to feature dialogue interactions, a very limited quest system, and a limited inventory of objects for resolving situations. We’re aiming for something no more than 45 minutes to an hour long, and have adhered to a limited scope mentality as we’ve written our story documents, design documents, and other materials. And even with those (relatively) tight constraints (and my own years of experience in the industry assuring me it would be the case), it’s still impressive and humbling just how much work goes into even a simple game.

Over the course of the next few weeks, for both my own record-keeping purposes and to give a window to anyone who might be interested in dipping their toes into independent development, I’d like to talk about our design process and my own work building our game in C# and Unity through a series of posts. I hope anyone who drops by this space finds them entertaining or, even better, useful!

The Incredible Story of Satellaview

Writer Jack Yarwood recently published his excellent piece on the ephemeral history of Nintendo’s Satellaview peripheral, a Japan-exclusive satellite broadcasting add-on for the Super Famicom.

He was also kind enough to enlist me to help with translating some contemporaneous material to help fill out the piece, and among that material were interviews with Shigeru Miyamoto and Yusuke Akamatsu! It was a genuine pleasure to dive into a piece of history I knew relatively little about before the fact, and my thanks again to Jack for trusting me to help out! And also, thanks to my friend and colleague Liz Bushouse for providing a second set of (expert) eyes on some of the material!

If you’re at all interested in lost (or almost-lost-but-we’re-trying-to-save-it) gaming history, do be sure to check out Jack’s piece over at Time Extension, as I think it’s well worth the read.

Image by Andy Robinson @ Time Extension

Translation Chat Podcast—Featuring Me!

Jennifer O’Donnell, ship captain and A+ translator at J-En Translations, hosts a lovely podcast series featuring chats with localization professionals discussing their favorite works in the field, and she was gracious enough to invite me on the show!

The subject, as one might imagine given gestures at myself all of this, was the phenomenal re-localization of Final Fantasy Tactics: The War of the Lions, which initially released on the PSP back in 2007. While I generally try to avoid spoiling things, it’s safe to lay bare the thesis of our conversation: it’s real good.

Hop on over to Jenn’s website to give the show a listen, and by all means, let me suffer your slings and arrows as I insist that the “Blame yourself or god” line" is better in the new version. ‘Tis your birth and faith that wrong you, not I.

Translation Chat 16: Stephen Meyerink & Final Fantasy Tactics


Explorations in Translation: Liz Bushouse

Just a quick little update to share some fascinating work for those interested in the art of translation. My lovely pal and colleague Liz Bushouse has launched a new site for her work. Not only can you find a nice list of her credits, you can also peruse a great set of resources she has compiled on localization and translation, as well as side-by-side Japanese x English game scripts.

Even more, you can read through her extensive textual comparisons on several beloved games, including Kingdom Hearts, Link’s Awakening, and Final Fantasy VII! If you’re still learning (and we all are), these are a fun and informative resource on the very fine art of game localization, and I heartily recommend you check them out!

Explorations in Translation

Ongoing Thoughts on Games Completed in 2020

I’m going to try something a bit different; an ongoing blog post with the games I’ve played and finished in 2020, with the objective being something I can personally look back on to help articulate my feelings about the artistry of the games I play. I’ll update with thoughts when I have them, and expand them when the momentary inspiration strikes.

2020 Games:

Final Fantasy VII Remake

  • Still working out thoughts on this, but the gist is “fantastic” and “all-time great soundtrack” so far, with a side of “whew, the ending.”

  • Also thrilling to have worked on a project tied into the game. FFVII World Preview includes a new short story from writer Kazushige Nojima, and getting to translate that and then see some settings from the story in-game was pretty out-of-this-world.

Kathy Rain

  • Started out strong, with characters that defied tropes.

  • Ended weak, with a tonally-inconsistent ending that jarred compared to the rest of the game, and truthfully didn’t resolve much of anything. Very much felt like a part one, and only barely resolved immediate concerns.

  • Introduced a character with an intellectual disability, did nothing with that character, and then used them for a largely-meaningless shock reveal that another character had lead them to commit a murder. Felt both insensitive AND pointless to the narrative.

  • Solid puzzle design—not especially difficult, but satisfying.

Technobabylon

  • Cast features plenty of people who are good but not “agreeable.”

  • As a piece of sci-fi, it feels authentic and consistent, and has “fun” ideas.

  • Those ideas go deep AND wide. There’s in-depth exploration of the concepts it introduces, and it also is interested in a LOT of things.

  • The notion of organic computing is taken to a fascinating place and is used to ask some hard questions.

  • IT’S WEIRD and that’s great.

  • The pacing and design of the puzzles is dynamite. Just enough struggle vs. Aha! moments.

  • The cast is diverse and feels like it has thought about what a future society would look like.

  • On that same note, it’s not wholly a dystopia. Ideas that seem like they’ll be dystopian tropes end up being more complicated, and some people live quite well. In other words, it’s true to our current reality, which flirts with dystopia on its own while having pockets of human joy.

Final Fantasy VII Classic

  • Localization (it’s not good, but it’s inspired in places)

  • How restrained it is compared to basically everything in the Compilation that came after

  • How it reflects a different era of storytelling and a different era when an AAA company could afford to introduce a full playable character and kill them, for realsies.

Sekiro: Shadows Die Twice

  • Probably outright the best combat system From Software has ever designed, though not the one with the most breadth.

  • Phenomenally high difficulty makes it the most difficult FromSoft game to recommend. Conversely, it also makes mastery extremely satisfying. Each boss and enemy overcome gives an unparalleled sense of player growth that is largely separate from “I leveled up so now I can win.”

  • Brilliant level design, though not quite to the level of a game like Bloodborne. More focused and specific.

  • Fun from a narrative standpoint, with the usual high-quality worldbuilding in modern FromSoft games—though again, I would probably stop shy of saying it outdoes Bloodborne in this area.

  • Awesome Japanese voice acting.

Unavowed



Paper Mario: The Origami King



The Legend of Zelda: The Minish Cap



Luigi’s Mansion 3

Kentucky Route Zero

Resident Evil 3 (2020)



Streets of Rage 4



Final Fantasy XII: The Zodiac Age



The Last of Us



The Last of Us Part II

Article: Finding the Voice of Ivalice

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As part of RPGFan.com's ongoing, weeks-long celebration of the Final Fantasy series hitting its 30th birthday (not to be confused with The 3rd Birthday), I wrote a guest article on one of my all-time favorite games, Final Fantasy Tactics (in particular its PSP port, The War of the Lions).

Read it here!

Played: Final Fantasy VI (JP)

To the horror of some, until very recently, I'd never played a "good" version of SNES/SFC classic Final Fantasy VI. Back in the PS1 days, I did manage to make it through the Final Fantasy Anthology version of the game, but the obscene load times left me feeling a little sour on the experience, even if I'd pretty well liked the game itself. I enjoyed the cast (the most multitudinous of any numbered Final Fantasy) and the idea of Mog quadruple jumping on gods, but spending hours staring dead-eyed at a black screen as I swapped Espers and relics and taught eight people how to cast Ultima left me pretty happy to be done with the damn thing.

Then, as part of my ongoing effort to play some of my childhood favorites in their native Japanese, I picked up the 3DS Virtual Console release a few weeks back and wrapped it up just the other day, a cool 35ish hours later.

I'm glad I did. FF6 is one of those titles that gets thrown around whenever people start going on about the death of the series and how it'll never be as good as it used to and whatnot. I don't buy into the doomsaying, but I do think there's a particular sensibility and flavor to the game that the series hasn't seen much of since. Can you imagine if an entire half of Final Fantasy XIII's plot were just straight-up optional?

The Game

FF6 has an interesting narrative structure, operating ostensibly without a "main" character. Different folks take the lead at times, but the real guiding force is the Empire and, later, villainous Kefka himself. Hardly five hours into the game, you're dealing with three separate, ever-growing groups of people, and it's in this protracted sequence that I think the real genius behind "no main character" shows itself. With no Cloud and Sephiroth/Zidane and Kuja/Cecil and Gobbles binary between a singular character and the villain, instead you have a huge, diverse group of people, all with their own reasons for wanting to join the rebellious Returners. This works well, except when it doesn't. Because the game can't count on you having people with you (except for some special events where certain folks are compulsory members of the party, which end up being the best-written stuff), much of the dialogue on the hero side ends up being generic "all of us speaking"-type stuff. The game often cheats this by having certain folks leave the party, only to show up again during the important cutscene (Shadow and the Forbidden Continent, for example). Ultimately, I saw that as a good thing, though, because your whole party shouting a nonspecific "No Kefka Don't Do The Thing!" only gets so much emotional mileage before it stops working.

The early game is pretty linear. There's the occasional extra city or bonus Moogle to bolster your ranks with, but for the most part, everything up to Kefka ruining everything is a ride on the rails. As a result, the pace in the first half is much better, because a whole lot is happening-- the Returners are growing, the mystery of the Espers is unraveled, and Kefka grows more and more unhinged. Once the world ends, there really isn't much left to say on the "critical path." It's quite literally "get an airplane and go kill Kefka." On the other hand, that's absolutely fascinating. After an hour in the World of Ruin, you've got four people and an airship, and you could theoretically run off and end it.

That's not to say there isn't any story in the World of Ruin section-- far from it. The individual narratives and the way things intersect in the World of Ruin ensure that each and every character has a detailed, personal send-off to their story arcs. The pacing of these send-offs can be kind of wonky (show up, Terra is conflicted, come back twenty minutes later with an airship and kill a monster, Terra has overcome all her problems), but in the long run, it's really great to get a sense that most of the party grows in some way before running off on the suicide mission up Garbage Mountain.

The idea that Square in these days was bold enough to say "okay, everything in this half of the game is optional, and it's almost all character-based stuff" is super cool, and it means the atmosphere in the second half of FF6 is unmatched by anything else in the series. It's also why FFXV copping out and driving you in a car through its own take on the "World of Ruin" was so disappointing. Getting to hear firsthand the broken hopes of the inhabitants of the world and contend with ancient monsters stirred from within its depths is haunting and makes the quest feel so very personal. 

I was also pleased at how relatively few signs of its age FF6 shows. The pace is snappy (boy, did I miss that on PS1), and systems-wise, it's a total blast. Espers tie into the plot AND the character growth system in a way that the series has struggled to replicate since this entry. Swapping before level-ups for optimal stat growth and watching your characters grow into villainy-smiting machines is a pleasure, as is the slow trickle of new magic that becomes ever more potent. It's in this way also that the game succeeds in making the player believe in the story's assertion that magic is a power worthy of the Empire's mad hunger for more and more Espers.

A few oddities here and there do date the game. Who was the monster that decided hiding character names and portraits in the Esper menu (such that you can't see whose magic or Espers you're modifying without backing up a few levels in the menu and away from whatever change you might be considering) was a good idea? Also, I can't quite tell if it was my imagination or not, but some areas (and basically the whole second half) need to calm down with the encounter rate. By the time you're flinging Holys and Ultimas left and right, fights are over fairly quickly, but the "blink and you're in another battle" thing is a reminder that this game has a few years under its belt.

The Text

One of my main reasons for replaying the game was to experience the original script myself. FF6 has been translated into English twice. The first translation was handled by Ted Woolsey, and that's the one you'll see if you play the SNES/SNES Classic original or the PlayStation version. The second, a more "true-to-the-Japanese" pass for the Gameboy Advance version handled by Tom Slattery. Both have their merits, and I maintain that Woolsey's characterizations for Kefka in particular are as inspired as anything in the Japanese. I personally prefer the GBA's retranslation since it unifies a lot of item and term names with other entries in the series, but ultimately, any English version of the game has plenty of charm.

Playing in Japanese was an excellent bit of practice for me, because there's a lot to compare between the localized versions and the original, and plenty to learn from how each translator chose to tackle the text. Cyan/Cayenne's dialogue is fascinating to compare (as is the Sabin/Mash joke in which he accidentally starts talking like the former) between versions, and it's also interesting to compare Kefka's shrill sociopathy between English and Japanese.

I posted about this on Twitter recently, but one of the most curious localization decisions made deals with Cyan's final quest, in which he faces off against the manifestation of his guilt and sorrow over his failure to protect his family. The team goes to sleep in Doma Castle, lost to time since everyone inside of it was killed when Kefka poisoned the local water source in the first half of the game. What follows is the introduction of 夢の三兄弟, or 'the three dream brothers,' demons that devour the dreams and souls of those suffering intense emotional distress, and a neat little dungeon sequence in which you fight the demons and later free Cyan from his guilt. This sequence is meant to be a poignant coda to Cyan's emotional journey, the final stop in his journey towards self-forgiveness, and it really works.

I'm fascinated, then, by the motivation behind choosing to retitle these brothers 'the Dream Stooges' in the SNES version. While their names are Sueño (Spanish), Sogno (Italian), and Rêve (French), all words that mean 'dream,' the SNES localization opts to rename them Moe, Larry, and Curly. A compromise was made in the GBA version, restyling them as Moebius, Laragorn, and Curlax.

It's important to note that in game localization, hard choices often have to be made when choosing how to render terms and words as they make the trip from one language to the other. Often, I find myself asking questions like "what's the intent of this line?" or "how do I feel after playing through this scene?" in the original. There are also always other factors to consider, like character limitations, space issues, and more, so you can never be certain why a certain choice might've been made. That said, this is a scene clearly meant to represent Cyan's last steps towards recovery, a poignant and satisfying finale for a man tormented by the death of his crown, country, and family, and yet here we have a Three Stooges reference!

To me, this reads against the scene; many of the original localization's jokes were context-appropriate (and in the case of most of Kefka's dialogue, quite funny), but for some reason, we've got Moe, Larry, and Curly in the middle of medieval samurai man's heart-rending goodbye to his family. I'd love to be able to pick the translator's brain on this one and ask what inspired the choice not to just go with straight translations of the French, Italian, and Spanish words, which to me seems like an easy out. That's not meant to be a condemnation of the "Dream Stooges,' but something I'm genuinely curious about. 

Closing

*Whew* That was a long one. I'm glad I finally had the chance to play through a better version of this classic. There's so much one could discuss in regards to where it sits in the Final Fantasy franchise and its ongoing influence on the games that came after it, and I feel my fumbling attempts to talk about a few things that interested me don't even come close to touching all there is to say. You've got some of the best music in the series, some of the most charming and sharply-designed characters, and one of the top villains of all time (as is so often mentioned online, Kefka basically wins). Bottom line, this one holds up, and if you're a language learner or even someone more advanced, there's plenty of interest to be had in giving the very first version of Final Fantasy VI a shot. 

Listening: Castle of Illusion (Genesis/Mega Drive) - Boss Theme (oh yeah and something from Phantasy Star)

Music: Kamiya Studio. Sound driver: SMPS (Z80).

In light of the news that the pretty damn solid Castle of Illusion remake is being delisted soon, I found myself wandering around the OST for the remake and the original game. I didn't especially love the remake's takes on the classic themes-- just something about going to Kirkhope's pleasant style from the harsher, bassier Genesis FM didn't do it for me. Another musical choice I'm of two minds on is the decision to excise the classic boss theme in favor of unique themes for each boss battle. Normally, I'm all over this sort of thing, but I can't say I'm anything but disappointed to not hear a Kirkhope take on the original theme anywhere in the game. 

It could be my nostalgia speaking, but man, this theme just oozes adrenaline. It's probably the most intense theme I can imagine for fighting a killer tree, and certainly one of my favorite uses of the Genesis' sound hardware...

Favorite uses... of the Genesis sound hardware...

...

Listening: Super Smash Bros - Route 10

Composer: Shota Kageyama

Arranger: Yoko Shimomura

Sure has been a while since I've posted. Taking translating tests and moving (first countries, then states) takes a lot of time... go figure!

In any case, I'm currently suffering from a lack of 2v2 Smash 4 in my life, so I'm looking to the OST to help stave off my urge to forward-air hapless folks off the stage (2014-2016 Ft. Shulk).

Anyone remotely familiar with the Smash series can tell you it has always had a rich musical history, calling back first to Nintendo's own classics, and later branching out all over the place with tons and tons of outstanding arrangements. Because I am shamelessly biased towards Yoko Shimomura though, I'm compelled to draw attention to her fantastic reworking of Shota Kageyama's Route 10 theme from Pokemon Black/White. I've only ever experienced post-Red/Blue/Yellow Pokemon games through their music (which is lovely), but I've always been a fan of the original Route 10 theme. The choice of instruments in Shimomura's arrangement of course bears the unmistakable mark of her stringwork, but thanks to the original melody, it has a distinct flavor from her other recent work.

Also seriously, that piano that begins around 54 seconds is amazing. Go enjoy it.

Music: V.D. Vanishment Day OST

Is it a day of Vanishment? Or a Vanishmented Day? We may never know.

Is it a day of Vanishment? Or a Vanishmented Day? We may never know.

I missed this album when it came out a few months ago (probably also because I completely missed the game. Stepping outside my usual utter adoration for Shimomura's work, I'd say the biggest "criticism" I have for V.D. Vanishment Day's OST is that it's very much evocative of all of the characteristics modern Shimomura music tends to have, perhaps without really diversifying or venturing outside that realm. Simply stated, it's a bit safe. That said, intense strings, great (and prominent) piano, and a very Kingdom Hearts: Dream Drop Distance-esque sound to the major battle themes (Rock on the Heaven!) make it a strong, if familiar album. Built a Fire, the tune I've sampled here, runs a bit more along the lines of Cavern of Remembrance from Kingdom Hearts II.5. One of the most entrancing parts about it, I find, is the steady, almost droning consistency of the bassier notes on the piano, thrumming in the background for the duration of the track.

The second tune I've sampled, The Tempest, is both awesome (he said without a hint of favoritism) and completely similar to Dark Impetus from Kingdom Hearts: Birth by Sleep Final Mix. Of course, the songs aren't identical, but I'm pretty sure even a quick listen would tell you that there's some clear inspiration for the newer tune. 

In any case, if you have any love of Yoko Shimomura's modern work, seek out a copy of V.D. Vanishment Day and give it a listen. I suspect you will not be disappointed.